- #Cobalt ii chloride skin
- #Cobalt ii chloride Patch
Systemic pigmented contact dermatitis to cobalt following ingestion of cobalamin supplement. Cobalt nanoparticles cause allergic contact dermatitis in humans. Br J Dermatol. Midander K, Werner P, Isaksson M, et al.
#Cobalt ii chloride Patch
The effect of race and ethnicity on patch test results.
Deleo VA, Taylor SC, Belsito DV, et al. 5% cobalt naphthenate in aqueous solution. Further informationĪppearance: Silvery grey, shiny, hard metal Treatment of secondary bacterial infection.Īllergic contact dermatitis due to cobalt will settle if contact with cobalt can be avoided. In the workplace wear personal protective equipment and employ no-touch techniques. Items such as keys can be coated with several layers of clear nail polish. Wear vinyl or rubber gloves to avoid contact. Use metal instruments such as scissors, kitchen utensils, and combs that have plastic or wooden handle grips. A clue to cobalt-containing jewellery is a dark silver rather than shiny appearance. The presence of cobalt in a metal object can be confirmed using a commercial 2-nitroso-1-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid spot-test. Identify potential sources of exposure at work using material safety data sheets. 
What is the treatment for cobalt allergy?Ĭobalt allergy is treated by identifying and avoiding the source of exposure.
Allergic contact dermatitis to other metals such as nickel and chromate. What is the differential diagnosis for cobalt allergy? Rarely, intradermal tests or oral challenge tests may be appropriate. Purpuric patch test reactions are peculiar to cobalt due to a poral reaction to cobalt accumulation in the eccrine glands and are not indicative of cobalt allergy. Photopatch testing with cobalt is required if a photocontact dermatitis is suspected. A positive reaction to nickel is likely to be due to dual sensitisation rather than cross-reactivity.Ĭobalt naphthenate used in the polyester resin and plastics manufacturing industries can also cause an allergic contact dermatitis, but this may not be detected by the standard patch test with cobalt chloride. Pain and loosening of the implant have been reported.Īllergic contact dermatitis due to cobalt is diagnosed on patch testing with 1% cobalt chloride hexahydrate. Orthopaedic and other implanted metal devices can sometimes result in intractable generalised dermatitis in cobalt-allergic patients. Vitamin B12 injections (cyanocobalamin) can also cause local injection site reactions, hand dermatitis, and anaphylaxis. Patients with allergic contact dermatitis to cobalt taking oral vitamin B12 (cobalamin) supplements may develop chronic vesicular hand dermatitis, cheilitis, stomatitis, or systemic contact dermatitis. Secondary bacterial infection or autoeczematisation of the dermatitis. What are the complications of cobalt allergy? Dust containing cobalt may cause asthma in metal workers. Erythema multiforme has been rarely reported. Cobalt blue used in light blue tattoos can cause sarcoidal allergic reactions. Photosensitive dermatitis has been reported with cement and pig fodder. Cobalt allergy usually presents as a chronic or subacute allergic contact dermatitis at sites with direct contact but may become more extensive. What are the clinical features of cobalt allergy? Blue tattoo pigments Ĭobalt nanoparticles may cause reactions in sensitised individuals and may be an important source of occupational exposure. Medical devices, eg orthopaedic implants, stents, pacemakers, medication pumps. Cosmetics – especially eye shadow, blushers, and compact powders. Metal household items (eg, cutlery, zippers, coins, keys,). What causes cobalt allergy?Ĭobalt is commonly used as a binding agent in the manufacture of ‘hard’ metals with increased wear resistance such as drills and cutting tools. #Cobalt ii chloride skin
One study reported an increased prevalence of cobalt allergy in people with skin of colour.Ĭobalt allergy can coexist with other metal allergies such as nickel and chromate. It shows a female predominance (2:1) and is commonly associated with atopic dermatitis. Who gets cobalt allergy?Ĭobalt allergy affects about 2% of the general population and can develop at any age, including in children. The name comes from the German word ‘Kobold’ meaning goblin or elf.Ĭobalt was the American Contact Dermatitis Society’s 2016 Contact Allergen of the Year. It is also called cobalt dichloride hexahydrate, cobalt blue, cobaltous chloride hexahydrate, and cobalt hexahydrate. Cobalt is one of the most common metals to cause contact allergy via a delayed hypersensitivity reaction.
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